Financing Higher Education in Latin America

Latin American countries have been enjoying a strong growth during the 2000s for the first time since the debt crisis of the 1980s. This article focuses on some of the changes that took place during these boom years with regard to public and private funds earmarked for tertiary education, some consequences of this funding pattern in terms of equity, and the main innovations in funding mechanisms put in place to allocate public funds.Fil: Garcia, Ana Maria. Centro de Estudios de Estado y Sociedad; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

On the Geometry of Sculpting-like Gauging Processes

Recently, a new gauging procedure called Sculpting mechanism was proposed to obtain the M-theory origin of type II gauged Supergravity theories in 9D. We study this procedurein detail and give a better understanding of the different deformations and changes in fiber bundles, that are able to generate new relevant physical gauge symmetries in the theory. We discuss the geometry involved in the standard approach (Noether-like) and in the new Scultping-like one and comment on possible new applications.Comment: 9 pages, latex, Notation and typos reviewed, more clear explanations, results unchange

The Agri-Food Cooperative Netchain: A Theoretical Framework to Study its Configuration

This paper proposes a research framework of the design and configuration of agrifood chains where the focal firm is a second-tier cooperative (group of affiliated cooperatives) in order to assess the alignment of (relational) governance structures and coordination mechanisms in these chains with supply chain management (SCM) principles. The theoretical framework proposes an integrative approach by drawing on the Relational View of inter-organisational competitive advantage and the Theory of Networks as inter-cooperative vertical relationships are embedded in horizontal ties between firms (first-tier cooperatives) of social rather economic nature. The conceptual framework developed herein will help theory building in SCM, but most importantly it would advance current knowledge on the scope of SCM in the agrifood cooperative sector.supply chain management, agrifood cooperatives, governance structure and coordination mechanisms, Agribusiness,

Multifactor Inequality: Substitution Effects for Income Sources in Mexico

Income is a poor indicator of welfare and should be use only as a as component of welfare. Wealth provides another dimension of well-being. We use the Kullback-Leibler Information Criterion (KLIC, hereafter) as a measure of the discrepancy between two attributes. This will allow economists and researchers to understand the kind of relationship that the attributes hold. The applications deals with an unusual analysis of income factors in which we treat them as different attributes. This allows us to estimate the substitution effects among income factors.entropy, cross-entropy, KLIC, multi-attribute, multifactor,  welfare matrix, Theil index, Gini index

Influence of dissociative recombination on the LTE of argon high-frequency plasmas at atmospheric pressure

This work presents a few preliminary results from a collisional-radiative (CR) model intended to describe an argon microwave (2.45 GHz) plasma at atmospheric pressure. This model aims to investigate the influence of dissociative recombination products on the Saha-Boltzmann plasma equilibrium. The model is tested through comparison with experimental results obtained in an argon plasma column generated by a traveling electromagnetic surface-wave, which is suitable to perform a parametric investigation of the plasma. It is shown that dissociative recombination predominantly populates the 4s levels and the ground state. It is further observed that it strongly influences the population of the levels, specially those of lower energy. However, the higher levels (close to the ionization limit) appear to be in equilibrium whatever the plasma density. This allows assuming that the excitation temperature Texc determined from the upper levels in the atomic system in the Boltzmann-plot is equal to Te.Comment: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004, Nice (France

Foreign Investments in Philippine Agriculture

This article measures the amount of foreign participation, direct and indirecin Philippine agriculture. However, due to insufficient time and inadequate data, its aim has been reduced to aid further research on the effects of foreign participation in Philippine agriculture.agriculture sector, investment

Volatility, Financial Constraints, and trade

We construct a dynamic monopolistic competition model with heterogeneous firms to study the links between firms’ earnings volatility, the degree of financial constraints that they face, their survival probabilities, and their export market participation decisions. Our model predicts that more volatile firms are more likely to face financial constraints and to go bankrupt, need to be more productive to stay in the market, and are more likely to enter export markets. A further implication is that through market diversification, exports tend to stabilize firms’ total sales. We test these predictions, using a panel of 9292 UK manufacturing firms over the period 1993-2003. The data provide strong support to our model.Firm-level volatility; Financial constraints; Firm survival; Exports